CATEGORY ： Aviation Technology 12 Aviation Technology 12 - Review 2007/03/17 Sat TB ： CM ： 0 △

Basic Principles of Flight// Aircraft Familiarization and Preparation for Flight// Ancillary Controls// Airport Operations// Aerodromes// The Circuit// Airspace System// Meteorology// Aviation Weather

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Basic Principles of Flight

Lift

-airflow over and under the wing (bernoulii's Principle)
- Angle of attack (increased vs. decreased angle) and airflow, lift.
- Why does a wing stall?
- Drag (parasite, induced)
- Spin (stalled condition) vs. Spiral Dive (high speed)
-Load Factor

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Aircraft Familiarization and Preparation for Flight

We've covered control surfaces and how they affect the airplanes movements around specific axis (i.e. pitching, rolling, yawing)

Flight Instruments
- basic instruments
- static and pitot (airspeed inficator.)
- static (altimeter, vertical speed indicator.)
- electrical (turn&bank indicator.)
- gyroscopic (attitude indicator., heading indicator.)
- principles of gyroscopes
- magnetic compass

Altimeter
- subscale
- standard pressure and temperature and effects on altimeter readings.

Airspeed Indicator
- color code and critical speeds
- effects of temperature on airspeed indications

Engine Instruments
- tachometer
- Oil Pressure Guage
- Oil Temperature Guage

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Ancillary Controls

Carburettor Heat Control
- why is it needed?
- what does it do inside the carburetor?
- what "indications" can tell you of the presence of carb icing?

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Airport Operations

- what is the Canada Flight Supplement?
- what is a NOTAM?
- what kind of runway conditions can pose problems?
Wind Direction Indicator
- common location of wind indicators at an airport?
- Wind speed vs. angle of wind indicator?
- moving an aircraft around the airport... maneuvering surfaces, taxiways, taxi hold positions, runway button
- runway numbering (compass heading)
- runway marking

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Aerodromes

Lighting
- color of taxiway, runway, approach lighting, airport beacon
- VASIS or PAPI

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The Circuit

Traffic Procedures/Circuit
- traffic circuit (upwind, circuit joining crosswind, downwind, base leg, final approach)
- purpose of Mandatory Frequency or Traffic Frequency
- basic differences between Controlled versus Uncontrolled airports

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Airspace System

- Northern Domestic airspace vs. Southern Domestic Airspace
- Altimeter Setting Region vs. Standard Pressure Region
- general differences between (A,B,C) and (D,E,G)
- purpose of Class F (special purpose, restricted)

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Meteorology

The Atmosphere:
- Composition
- Physical Aspects (mobility, ability to expand, ability to be compressed)
- Temperature Aspects (Lapse Rate, Stability)
- Atmospheric Model

Pressure Systems and Wind:
- unit (inches of mercury)
- Horizontal Pressure Distribution (pressure grandient)
- Types of Pressure Systems (LOW, TROF, HIGH, RIDGE)
- Altimeter Errors only
- Gust, Squall, Land Breeze, Sea Breeze

Air Masses and Associated Weather:
- Short description of Air Mass, Front
- Classification and Properties of Air masses(Arctic, Polar, Tropical) (Temperature and moisture content and Stability)
- Fronts (Cold Front, Warm Front, Stationary Front)

Weather at Fronts:
- diagram of Cold Front overtaking Warm
- diagram of Warm Front overtaking Cold
- just know general characteristics of wind, turbulence, visibility, etc associated with these cold and warm fronts.

Types of Clouds:
- Low Cloud
- Middle Cloud ("Alto". Example:"Altocumulus")
- High Cloud ("Cirro". Example:"Cirrocumulus")
-----Understand that within each of these, the types of cloud found are the same, just at different altitudes.
-----The Middle and High levels have their own respective prefix ("alto, cirro")
-----You will notice that some Low level cloud are very significant (Towering Cumulus, Cumulonimbus, nimbostratus)
- Fog (just know it is ground level cloud, reduced visibility)
- icing (just know its affects on air flow over the wing and lift)

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Aviation Weather

- METAR and TAFF

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