Sponsors
×
[PR]上記の広告は3ヶ月以上新規記事投稿のないブログに表示されています。新しい記事を書く事で広告が消えます。
Quick link to:
Economy// Industrial Revolution// The Impact of Colonialism on Southern Disparity// Pases of Economic Development// WTO// G8// Urbanization
Economics - the link between people and the natural environment. The use and management of resources.
Economy - directly related to the use and management of resources, natural, human, or capital.
- began in England and spread to Europe and North Ameria.
- modern economies are the result of industrialization.
England changed from a predominately rural farming nation to an urban and industrial nation. This wa the result of many changes:
- New Manifacturing Materials
--- Iron and sted began to replave woods and stone;
- New Energy Resouces
--- Steam power from coal replaves use fo muscle, wind and water;
- New Machines
--- Steam locomotive/steamship made transportation cheaper and faster;
--- Telegraph started communication revolution;
--- Manufacturing became more efficient and cheaper with inventions like the spinning jenny and the power loom;
- New Work Methods
--- Move efficient farming practices freed workers for factories, which replaced hand-manufacturing
This all meant an increase in use of natural resources and a shift to mass production of manufactured goods.
The reasons for colonialism were the 3G's:
- God: the European nations saw themselves as "civilized" and felt compelled to convert the "savages" to christianity as well.
- Gold: the nations of European were involved in a rece for the riches provided through raw materials and natural resources.
- Glory: the manarchs and European Empires wanted to leave their mark on the far reaches of the globe.
- Economy centred on family and spritual beliefs
- EX: Europe in the Middle Ages; many LLDCs today.
- EX: Europe during Renaissance.
- Industrial recolution - increase national incomes: production of food is commercialized: consumer goods marketed
- EX: Great Britain in 1800; Canada in 1890; India and Thailand Today.
- Manufacturing resulting in international trade
- Society as a whole pursues higher standard of libing, decrease in poverty, and increase of leisure time
- EX: Great Mritain in 1840; Canada 1920-1950; Mexico Today.
- Mass consumption - people feel they always "need" more
- Possible for the economy to stop growing - enter a period of recession
- Canada; 1950 to present
The World Trade Organization (WTO)
- set up in 1995
- 146 member countries
- has a role in 97% of world trade
- set up to minor free trade between countries, to settle trade disputes, to oversee new trade agreements between countries;
- critics say that it is too powerful.
--- poor countries are bullied into changing laws in their country that may be harmful to country;
--- run by rich for rich;
--- doesn't do enough for workers' right, child labour, the environment and health.
Group of Eight (G8)
- An association of the eight most economically advanced countries in the world.
- United States, Germany, Japan, Great Britain, France, Italy, Canada, Russia(1997)
- Represent 65% of world economy
- Meet annually to deal with major economic and political issues, including; trade, energy and terrorism.
Urbanization
The movement of people from rural areas to urban setting;
The physical expansion of towns and cities into rural areas.
Good or Bad?
The city is the site of much of society's inhavations and inventions;
The city is the driving force in economic development;
Political power and cultural opportunities are concerntrated in the city
But...
Cities can be crowded, dirty, dangerous place to live.
Breeding ground of anti-social behavior and environmental degradation.
Urbanization Facts
In 1975, one-third of the world's population lived in urban areas;
By 2008, more than half will live in urban areas;
By 2030, it is estimated that 60% of the world population will live in urban areas.
Africa is the continent with the dastest-rate of urbanization.
Urbanization Terms
-Satistics Canada considers any community with at least 1000 people to be an urban community;
-Metoropolitan Area or Metoropolis, refer to any city that, together with its surrounding suburban area, is home to more than 100000 people. (ex: Halidax Regional Municipality, 360000 people)
-Mega-cities have more than eight million people.
-A conurbation or megalopolis is formed when separate cities and their auburbs grow into each other, forming an even larger urban complex. (ex: NY, Wachington DC, Philadelphia, Baltimore, Boston, All together they hold over 40 million people.)
Economy// Industrial Revolution// The Impact of Colonialism on Southern Disparity// Pases of Economic Development// WTO// G8// Urbanization
Economics - the link between people and the natural environment. The use and management of resources.
Economy - directly related to the use and management of resources, natural, human, or capital.
Industrial Revolution
- Period of time (late 18th Century) where technical and economic development accelerated, mechanization replaced muscle power, urban working class emerged.- began in England and spread to Europe and North Ameria.
- modern economies are the result of industrialization.
England changed from a predominately rural farming nation to an urban and industrial nation. This wa the result of many changes:
- New Manifacturing Materials
--- Iron and sted began to replave woods and stone;
- New Energy Resouces
--- Steam power from coal replaves use fo muscle, wind and water;
- New Machines
--- Steam locomotive/steamship made transportation cheaper and faster;
--- Telegraph started communication revolution;
--- Manufacturing became more efficient and cheaper with inventions like the spinning jenny and the power loom;
- New Work Methods
--- Move efficient farming practices freed workers for factories, which replaced hand-manufacturing
This all meant an increase in use of natural resources and a shift to mass production of manufactured goods.
The Impact of Colonialism on Southern Disparity
Colonialism began in the 1500's by European powers in the Americas, Africa and Asia.The reasons for colonialism were the 3G's:
- God: the European nations saw themselves as "civilized" and felt compelled to convert the "savages" to christianity as well.
- Gold: the nations of European were involved in a rece for the riches provided through raw materials and natural resources.
- Glory: the manarchs and European Empires wanted to leave their mark on the far reaches of the globe.
Phases of Economic Development
Economist W.W.Rostow created the moderniaziation theory that dicides a nation's history of economic growth into five stages.Stage One: Traditional Society
- Subsistence economy-large agriculture and very little manifacturing production- Economy centred on family and spritual beliefs
- EX: Europe in the Middle Ages; many LLDCs today.
Stage Two: The Preconditions for Takeoff
- Productivity law, but new ideas are emerging which challenge traditional ways of life- EX: Europe during Renaissance.
Stage Three: Take Odd
- Tradition finally collapses to the new ways- Industrial recolution - increase national incomes: production of food is commercialized: consumer goods marketed
- EX: Great Britain in 1800; Canada in 1890; India and Thailand Today.
Stage Four: The Drive to Technologial Marutiry
- Sustained period of refinements of technology- Manufacturing resulting in international trade
- Society as a whole pursues higher standard of libing, decrease in poverty, and increase of leisure time
- EX: Great Mritain in 1840; Canada 1920-1950; Mexico Today.
Stage Five: High Mass Consumption
- population is primarily urban- Mass consumption - people feel they always "need" more
- Possible for the economy to stop growing - enter a period of recession
- Canada; 1950 to present
The World Trade Organization (WTO)
- set up in 1995
- 146 member countries
- has a role in 97% of world trade
- set up to minor free trade between countries, to settle trade disputes, to oversee new trade agreements between countries;
- critics say that it is too powerful.
--- poor countries are bullied into changing laws in their country that may be harmful to country;
--- run by rich for rich;
--- doesn't do enough for workers' right, child labour, the environment and health.
Group of Eight (G8)
- An association of the eight most economically advanced countries in the world.
- United States, Germany, Japan, Great Britain, France, Italy, Canada, Russia(1997)
- Represent 65% of world economy
- Meet annually to deal with major economic and political issues, including; trade, energy and terrorism.
Urbanization
The movement of people from rural areas to urban setting;
The physical expansion of towns and cities into rural areas.
Good or Bad?
The city is the site of much of society's inhavations and inventions;
The city is the driving force in economic development;
Political power and cultural opportunities are concerntrated in the city
But...
Cities can be crowded, dirty, dangerous place to live.
Breeding ground of anti-social behavior and environmental degradation.
Urbanization Facts
In 1975, one-third of the world's population lived in urban areas;
By 2008, more than half will live in urban areas;
By 2030, it is estimated that 60% of the world population will live in urban areas.
Africa is the continent with the dastest-rate of urbanization.
Urbanization Terms
-Satistics Canada considers any community with at least 1000 people to be an urban community;
-Metoropolitan Area or Metoropolis, refer to any city that, together with its surrounding suburban area, is home to more than 100000 people. (ex: Halidax Regional Municipality, 360000 people)
-Mega-cities have more than eight million people.
-A conurbation or megalopolis is formed when separate cities and their auburbs grow into each other, forming an even larger urban complex. (ex: NY, Wachington DC, Philadelphia, Baltimore, Boston, All together they hold over 40 million people.)
PR
