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What is Global Geography?// Sustainable Development// Six Fundamantal Concept of Geography// Global Village// Interdependence// Time Space Sonvergence// Four Conditions for Life// Earth's Four Spheres// The Earth As A System
What is Global Geography?
"geography" comes from two Greek words. "ge"=earth. "graphia"=writing.
So, "geography"=writing about the Earth.
The Study of the physical and human environments of the world and the way in which these environments interact with each other. - the relationship that exists between the place and the people who live there;
Physical Geography - the study of the natural world. climate, water bodies, landforms, regetation.
Human Geography - the study of the patterns of human life and changes humans have made on the Earth.
Sustainable Development
- A country's economy is directly related to its development of natural resources.
- Developing natural resources is usually done through industry or agriculture to produce goods and services that can be sold for a profit.
EX: oil, wood, fish, mines(coal, diamonds, wheat)
- Sustainable development means using natural resources in such a way as to ensure that there will always be sufficient supplies for future generations.
- It also means harvesting resources in a way that does not damage the environment.
EX: replanting, eliminate pesticides
- Can be specific; - Can be general
2) REGION
- an area with consistent or similar features throughout
- scale or size of the region may vary incredibly
- can be based on landform, culture, religion, language or politics
EX: More Developed Countries, Least Developed Countries, Tropical Region, Arctic Region, Coastal, Arab World
3) SPATIAL PATTERN
- the way things are distributed in the world (spatial distribution)
- something occurring in one place that can be found again in different places around the world.
EX: - high food consumption reates in Canada and France
- extremely low literacy rates in Paupa New Ginea
- where correlations exist between factors (they can be either direct or indirect)
EX: - There is a direct correlation between number of automobiles in a city and amount of smog
- There is an indirect correlation between acid rain and fish populations in an area.
4) SPATIAL INTERACTION
- an event or change in one location can lead to a change in another location even if it is far away.
EX: Chemical spill in a rever can cause problems many km away. Also, hurricane in Florida destroys orange crop would be equal to higher prived prange in NS.
5) HUMAN/ENVIRONMENTAL INTERACTION
- the impact humans have on the natural environment and how the natural environment impacts humans
EX: effect humans have on extracting natural resources, effect natural disasters have on human communities.
6) CULTURE
- the values, ideas, custums and beliefs of a group of people and how they live, work, think and act
- people of different cultures have different views on the environment, the use of natural resouces and the way of living in human communities.
Global Village
- A term coined by Marshall McLuhan (1911-1980) in his book, Understanding Media.
- He said that technology has the effect of shrinking time and space; allowing the entire world to function as a single large village.
- As result, we have a greater knowledge of living conditions of people in different parts of the world. We know more about other people's problems and the factors that affect their lives. This also implies that our own activities and desisions can have a significant impact on many other parts of the world.
EXAPLE: Transportation technology, internet, cellphone, etc.
Interdependence
People of the world are dependent on one another and the environment for suvival. (Food, goods(clothing, resources, etc), medical technology(research, vaccines)
Decisions made in one part of the world effect people living other parts of the world. (The clearing of rainforests for farming could prevent the world from finding a cure for diseases sach as AIDS, therefore affecting people all over the world.)
Time Space Sonvergence
- First presented by geographer, Donald Janelle in 1928.
- Refers to the impression that distances between locations have decreased because of the advances in technology in the area of communication and transportation.
Example:
- People from all around the world can participate in a business meeting together or experience the same media event at the same time.
- Time to travel from place to place around the world has been reduced because of car, airplane, high seeped ferries, etc.
CALCULATION:
Time Space Convergence = (change in travel time)/(change in time)
INTERESTING FACT:
The world in the 1960s is 1/50 size of the world in the 1500s because a jet airplane can travel 50 times as fast as a sailine ship.
#1 - There is a constant and reletively mild TEMPERATURE
#2 - There is an adundance of WATER
#3 - There is an ATMOSPHERE of sufficient thickness to protect all living things from the sun's ultraviolet radiation
Earth's Four Spheres
1. Lithosphere - Earth's crust and all the materials (soil, rocks, and minerals) that form the crust.
2. Hydrosphere - Contains all of the planet's solid, liquid, and gaseous water.
3. Atmosphere - contains all of the gases in the air.
4. Biosphere - Contains all of the planet's living organisms.
Sphere Interactions: the processesthat move matter and energy from one sphere to another. For example... Water Dam - Humans (biosphere) built a dam out of rock materials (tithosphere) - water in the lake (hydrosphere) seeps into the cliff walls behind the dam, becoming ground water (lithosphere/hydrosphere) or evaporating into the air (atomosphere) - Human (biosphere) harness energy from the water (hdrosphere) by having it spin furbins to produce electricity.
The Earth As A System
- A system is an organized group of parts that work together as a whole.
- Our Planet has four major spheres or systems that work together to keep our planet running smoothy.
Types of Systems;
OPEN: parts can be either lost from or added to the system
CLOSE: all parts exist in precise amounts and nothing can be lost or added
Earth is a closed system:
- All the important ingredients of water, gases and chemical nutrients exist on earth in limited amounts.
- These ingredients have to be cycled over and over again.
What is Global Geography?// Sustainable Development// Six Fundamantal Concept of Geography// Global Village// Interdependence// Time Space Sonvergence// Four Conditions for Life// Earth's Four Spheres// The Earth As A System
What is Global Geography?
"geography" comes from two Greek words. "ge"=earth. "graphia"=writing.
So, "geography"=writing about the Earth.
The Study of the physical and human environments of the world and the way in which these environments interact with each other. - the relationship that exists between the place and the people who live there;
Physical Geography - the study of the natural world. climate, water bodies, landforms, regetation.
Human Geography - the study of the patterns of human life and changes humans have made on the Earth.
Sustainable Development
- A country's economy is directly related to its development of natural resources.
- Developing natural resources is usually done through industry or agriculture to produce goods and services that can be sold for a profit.
EX: oil, wood, fish, mines(coal, diamonds, wheat)
- Sustainable development means using natural resources in such a way as to ensure that there will always be sufficient supplies for future generations.
- It also means harvesting resources in a way that does not damage the environment.
EX: replanting, eliminate pesticides
Six Fundamantal Concept of Geography
1) LOCATION- Can be specific; - Can be general
| EX: | Cole Horbour Latitude 44ｰ38'59"N, Longitude 63ｰ30'0"W 66km from windsor, NS |
Cole Horbour close to Dartmouth 45min drive from windsor, NS |
2) REGION
- an area with consistent or similar features throughout
- scale or size of the region may vary incredibly
- can be based on landform, culture, religion, language or politics
EX: More Developed Countries, Least Developed Countries, Tropical Region, Arctic Region, Coastal, Arab World
3) SPATIAL PATTERN
- the way things are distributed in the world (spatial distribution)
- something occurring in one place that can be found again in different places around the world.
EX: - high food consumption reates in Canada and France
- extremely low literacy rates in Paupa New Ginea
- where correlations exist between factors (they can be either direct or indirect)
EX: - There is a direct correlation between number of automobiles in a city and amount of smog
- There is an indirect correlation between acid rain and fish populations in an area.
4) SPATIAL INTERACTION
- an event or change in one location can lead to a change in another location even if it is far away.
EX: Chemical spill in a rever can cause problems many km away. Also, hurricane in Florida destroys orange crop would be equal to higher prived prange in NS.
5) HUMAN/ENVIRONMENTAL INTERACTION
- the impact humans have on the natural environment and how the natural environment impacts humans
EX: effect humans have on extracting natural resources, effect natural disasters have on human communities.
6) CULTURE
- the values, ideas, custums and beliefs of a group of people and how they live, work, think and act
- people of different cultures have different views on the environment, the use of natural resouces and the way of living in human communities.
Global Village
- A term coined by Marshall McLuhan (1911-1980) in his book, Understanding Media.
- He said that technology has the effect of shrinking time and space; allowing the entire world to function as a single large village.
- As result, we have a greater knowledge of living conditions of people in different parts of the world. We know more about other people's problems and the factors that affect their lives. This also implies that our own activities and desisions can have a significant impact on many other parts of the world.
EXAPLE: Transportation technology, internet, cellphone, etc.
Interdependence
People of the world are dependent on one another and the environment for suvival. (Food, goods(clothing, resources, etc), medical technology(research, vaccines)
Decisions made in one part of the world effect people living other parts of the world. (The clearing of rainforests for farming could prevent the world from finding a cure for diseases sach as AIDS, therefore affecting people all over the world.)
Time Space Sonvergence
- First presented by geographer, Donald Janelle in 1928.
- Refers to the impression that distances between locations have decreased because of the advances in technology in the area of communication and transportation.
Example:
- People from all around the world can participate in a business meeting together or experience the same media event at the same time.
- Time to travel from place to place around the world has been reduced because of car, airplane, high seeped ferries, etc.
CALCULATION:
Time Space Convergence = (change in travel time)/(change in time)
INTERESTING FACT:
The world in the 1960s is 1/50 size of the world in the 1500s because a jet airplane can travel 50 times as fast as a sailine ship.
Four Conditions for Life
#1 - There is a constant and reletively mild TEMPERATURE
#2 - There is an adundance of WATER
#3 - There is an ATMOSPHERE of sufficient thickness to protect all living things from the sun's ultraviolet radiation
Earth's Four Spheres
1. Lithosphere - Earth's crust and all the materials (soil, rocks, and minerals) that form the crust.
2. Hydrosphere - Contains all of the planet's solid, liquid, and gaseous water.
3. Atmosphere - contains all of the gases in the air.
4. Biosphere - Contains all of the planet's living organisms.
Sphere Interactions: the processesthat move matter and energy from one sphere to another. For example... Water Dam - Humans (biosphere) built a dam out of rock materials (tithosphere) - water in the lake (hydrosphere) seeps into the cliff walls behind the dam, becoming ground water (lithosphere/hydrosphere) or evaporating into the air (atomosphere) - Human (biosphere) harness energy from the water (hdrosphere) by having it spin furbins to produce electricity.
The Earth As A System
- A system is an organized group of parts that work together as a whole.
- Our Planet has four major spheres or systems that work together to keep our planet running smoothy.
Types of Systems;
OPEN: parts can be either lost from or added to the system
CLOSE: all parts exist in precise amounts and nothing can be lost or added
Earth is a closed system:
- All the important ingredients of water, gases and chemical nutrients exist on earth in limited amounts.
- These ingredients have to be cycled over and over again.
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